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Sediment instability and slumping in the southern Aegean Sea and the case history of the 1956 tsunami

Identifieur interne : 000242 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000241; suivant : 000243

Sediment instability and slumping in the southern Aegean Sea and the case history of the 1956 tsunami

Auteurs : C. Perissoratis [Grèce] ; G. Papadopoulos [Grèce]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:ACB4CEEAFC2DC3365011ECF67601804A044B440A

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: The Aegean and Ionian seas, in Greece and adjacent regions, constitute the most tsunamigenic areas in Europe. The most recent large tsunami was a 20 m high wave that generated on 9 July 1956 in the Amorgos Basin, South Aegean Sea, in association with a Ms=7.5 earthquake. We first present new evidence for sea floor sediment instability from bathymetric, shallow and intermediate penetration seismic profiles and a number of gravity cores. Second, we investigate the generation mechanism of the 1956 large tsunami. The determination of the mean repeat time of the minimum seismic ground acceleration required for slump triggering of sediment masses showed that in particular South Aegean basins, like the Argolikos and Amorgos ones, the mean recurrence of massive sediment slumping ranges between 50 and 100 years. In other basins, however, it is around or more than 500 years. In the southern Amorgos Basin, a large-scale sediment slump has been identified. This was probably triggered by the 1956 mainshock and/or its aftershock of Ms=7.2 that occurred in the slump source area 13 min after the mainshock. The generation of the 1956 tsunami is attributed to the combined action of a reactivated large normal fault to the south of the Amorgos Island and to the occurrence of the large sediment slump.

Url:
DOI: 10.1016/S0025-3227(99)00039-0


Affiliations:


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<term>Maximum wave amplitudes</term>
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<term>Sedimentary units</term>
<term>Sedimentation rate</term>
<term>Seismic</term>
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<term>Seismic reflection profiles</term>
<term>Seismic risk zones</term>
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<term>Slope stability</term>
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<term>Tsunami generation</term>
<term>Tsunami symposium</term>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The Aegean and Ionian seas, in Greece and adjacent regions, constitute the most tsunamigenic areas in Europe. The most recent large tsunami was a 20 m high wave that generated on 9 July 1956 in the Amorgos Basin, South Aegean Sea, in association with a Ms=7.5 earthquake. We first present new evidence for sea floor sediment instability from bathymetric, shallow and intermediate penetration seismic profiles and a number of gravity cores. Second, we investigate the generation mechanism of the 1956 large tsunami. The determination of the mean repeat time of the minimum seismic ground acceleration required for slump triggering of sediment masses showed that in particular South Aegean basins, like the Argolikos and Amorgos ones, the mean recurrence of massive sediment slumping ranges between 50 and 100 years. In other basins, however, it is around or more than 500 years. In the southern Amorgos Basin, a large-scale sediment slump has been identified. This was probably triggered by the 1956 mainshock and/or its aftershock of Ms=7.2 that occurred in the slump source area 13 min after the mainshock. The generation of the 1956 tsunami is attributed to the combined action of a reactivated large normal fault to the south of the Amorgos Island and to the occurrence of the large sediment slump.</div>
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